Luqman's musings

  “This is for educational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice.” ✍️ Educational Takeaway from this post Even if a defendant is unemployed, the withdrawal of a frivolous counterclaim does not erase the harm suffered. The law recognizes that litigation itself can be a weapon , and damages may be awarded to restore dignity, cover costs, and deter future abuse. 🏛 ️ Case Spotlight: Tong Chen [2011] SGHC 27 — Damages in Deceit Justice Judith Prakash’s decision in Tong Chen is a landmark reminder of how the law treats fraud differently from contract or negligence. The High Court of Singapore drew a sharp line: when deceit is proven, the damages are not about enforcing bargains or compensating careless mistakes — they are about stripping away the harm caused by lies.

  This is not legal advice and reflects my personal analysis. Consult a qualified attorney for legal guidance. Certifying a non-existent retaining wall by a local authority like Kota Kinabalu City Hall (DBKK) in Malaysia could constitute a criminal offense if it involves intentional deceit, fraud, or corruption. Such actions may violate the Penal Code or amount to misconduct in public office, particularly if public servants knowingly or recklessly misrepresent facts for personal gain or to benefit others, such as developers. Potential Criminal Offenses